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10 things I learned from being in Haiti during the earthquake 

by Catherine Laine
February 9th, 2010

1. Everything I learned about how to react during an earthquake from growing up in California does not apply in developing countries. Forget standing in the doorway. Get outside and get outside fast.

Apartment Building on Delmas 33
Apartment Building on Delmas 33
Collapsed building on Delmas 33
Partially Collapsed building on Delmas 33
Collapsed building

2. You can be in an impromptu IDP camp, your world can be turned upside down, but if your family is safe, you still can find happiness.

Us and Marc Orel's family in a spontaneous camp in Jacquet, Port-au-Prince

We (Marc Orel, Sasha Kramer, Wisnel Jolissaint, Paul Christian and myself) drove down to Port-au-Prince from Cap a few days after the quake. Our second stop after dropping off our things at Matthew 25 house and picking up our friends Elie and Berto was Jacquet where we found Marc Orel’s family all safely accounted for.

3. Humanitarian responses are far more chaotic then you would ever believe and logisticians are totally underappreciated.

Health Cluster Meeting at MINISTAH Log Base
A chaotic health cluster meeting at MINISTAH Log Base
NGO internet refuge on Log Base

In the early stages of the humanitarian responses, aid workers crowded in this room to get reasonable high-speed internet access. Télécoms Sans Frontières were responsible for setting up the internet.

4. Stories of looting and violence however rare are news. Stories of people banding together to help their communities however common are human interest pieces. TV news by design does not show a representative sample of life on the ground. It only shows what reporters think will maintain viewer interest and ratings with far too little regard of the larger scale effects that such practices will have on society at large.

Inside St Claire's soup kitchen

Inside St Claire’s soup kitchen. After hearing so much about the trouble the larger agencies and NGOs were having with large scale food distributions, Sasha and I were very surprised when we visited this well organized and peaceful soup kitchen at St Claire. This feeding program, which has been in operation for 9 years, has been serving 2,500 to 5,000 people a day since the earthquake, according to Lavarice Gaudin. Though Father Gerard Jean Juste, a strong advocate of liberation theology who headed the church, passed last May, his staff and partners try to “carry on his legacy” of serving the poor.

Community members unload food to be distributed to sick patients and IDPs in soccer field behind Matthew 25 House.


Photo by Elie Happel

5. Music, art, and play are more important in crisis situations than people fully acknowledge. It takes more that food and water to nourish the human spirit.

Ti Rose serenades

Our friend Rosemond Jolissaint, serenades a small crowds before he and friends and family members are evacauted to Cap Haitien from Pap. (I’ll try to post an mp3 of my favorite song of his later).

Girl jumping rope at St Claire
Girl jumping rope at St Claire

6. People will allow you to take their photograph even when in despair if they think the story of their pain will help others or serve the greater good.

Mother and child at the field hospital at MINUSTAH logbase
Mother and child at the field hospital at MINUSTAH logbase

7. There is no UN agency charged to deal with engineering issues before and after disasters in the same way that say the World Food Program or the World Health Organization deal with food and health respectively.

Engineering team inspects Matthew 25 House
Engineering team inspects Matthew 25 House
MCEER's director, Andre Filiatrault, inspects the collapsed Ministry of Justice

Part of AIDG’s response to the crisis has been to recruit earthquake and structural engineers to assess buildings on the ground in Port-au-Prince. The 2 teams, one fielded in close cooperation with the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research at the University of Buffalo, assessed nearly 200 government buildings, schools, orphanages, residences and food distribution warehouses during their stay in Port-au-Prince. Above MCEER’s director, Andre Filiatrault, inspects the collapsed Ministry of Justice to determine whether it is safe enough to enter the basement to extract important legal records. I’ll be writing a lot more about these fantastic engineers in future posts.

8. You can ride in the back of a pickup in the middle of Champ Mars and not get mobbed or shot at or caught in a riot. I’m talking to you CNN. Their reporting, which largely misrepresented the situation here, is a big reason why some teams of foreign American doctors are not allowed outside the gates of the General Hospital without escort.

Dr Steven Keller in the back of the SOIL truck on his way to a community hospital.
Dr Steven Keller in the back of the SOIL truck on his way to a community hospital.

9. Fate has a sick sense of humor.

Members Only
The Petionville Club. Private Club. Members Only
IDP camp
Internally displaced persons camp at the Petionville Golf, Tennis and Country Club.

10. Even when the apocalypse comes, life goes on…

Having a friend braid your hair
Having a friend braid your hair

and on…

Friends in Cap

Friends in Cap: Magistrat Jhonny Estimable (Mayor or Borgne and brother of AIDG’s Edline Estimable), Tony (SOIL), Paul Christian Namphy (SOIL, Oxfam), Marc Orel (SOIL), and ?

and on.

Waiting for a tap tap
Waiting for a tap tap

AIDG Micro-Hydroelectric Intern: Will Stone [Video] 

by Catherine Laine
December 21st, 2009

Duration: 1 min 33 sec

AIDG Micro-Hydroelectric Intern Will Stone talks about his work with us in Guatemala. Will assisted in the upgrade of a Pelton Turbine at the Nueva Alianza community and designed a Mitchell Banki Turbine for use at the Corazon del Bosque ecopark.

Recorded Nov 2009.

Related Posts
AIDG Biodigester Intern: Christopher Salam
Intern Profile #4: Sunny Pereira (AIDG Haiti)
Intern Profile #5: Katie Bliss (AIDG Guatemala)
Intern Profile #6: Natalie Bonilla (AIDG Guatemala)

Photos: Miami Herald Haiti coverage in 2008 wins Pulitzer for Breaking News Photography 

by Catherine Laine
April 25th, 2009

This year’s Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Photography went to Miami Herald’s Patrick Farrell for his coverage of Haiti in 2008. His award winning photo-essay, “A People in Despair: Haiti’s year without mercy“, documents some of Haiti’s most brutal struggles.

4 of the 20 images that make up the photo-essay.

Deforested mountains funneled Tropical Storm Hannah's rainfall directly into Gonaives, flooding the town of 350,000

Deforested mountains funneled Tropical Storm Hannah’s rainfall directly into Gonaives, flooding the town of 350,000

Frantz Samedi holds the lifeless body of his 5 year old daughter, Tamasha Jean, who died when Hurricane Ike's flood waters swept children and the elderly from their homes in the small Haitian town of Cabaret

Frantz Samedi holds the lifeless body of his 5 year old daughter, Tamasha Jean, who died when Hurricane Ike’s flood waters swept children and the elderly from their homes in the small Haitian town of Cabaret

Shadows of children dance across a small tent city - temporary shelter for homeless families - in Cabaret

Shadows of children dance across a small tent city - temporary shelter for homeless families - in Cabaret

Mardoshe Thelisma cries at a funeral mass for her cousin and 90 others, who were crushed to death when the 3 story College La Promesse collapsed in Petionville outside Port-au-Prince

Mardoshe Thelisma cries at a funeral mass for her cousin and 90 others, who were crushed to death when the 3 story College La Promesse collapsed in Petionville outside Port-au-Prince

View the slideshow and listen to Farrell’s commentary. His voice quavers with the emotion of the experience. [Miami Herald]

Some Photos from IDDS 2008 

by Catherine Laine
July 30th, 2008

I stopped by MIT last week to see how the International Design Summit was going. Here is some photos I captured during my visit.

For more information check out IDDS’ great blog. I also took some video but haven’t had the chance to edit it yet. Soon, soon.

Related Posts:
IDDS Schedule of Events 2008
IDDS 2007 Part III: A List of Projects

State-of-the-Art Facilities: 1941 [Shorpy, 100 year old Photo Blog] 

by Catherine Laine
July 25th, 2008
Outhouse, Minnesota, 1941

Minnesota, 1941. “Complete sanitary privy properly protected to prevent flies from spreading diseases. Concrete floor slab, riser stool and building are fabricated at central yard for environmental sanitation program.”

via Shorpy

Related Posts:
Sanitation voted Best Medical Milestone
Promoting Sanitation in Bangladesh [World Bank, YouTube]
Tech Tuesday: Urine-Diverting (Dry) Toilet [Shada, Haiti] Pt 1
Poo Productions, Mozambican Music, and Environmental Heroes - Massukos

Urine-Diverting (Dry) Toilet [Shada, Haiti] Pt 2 

by Catherine Laine
April 10th, 2008
AIDG/Soil's 2nd Toilet in Shada

At the end of March, we and our community partner, SOIL, finished 2 urine-diverting dry toilets (a.k.a. ecosan toilets) in Shada, Cap-Haitien.

Here is part 2 of the pictorial how-to. You can find Part 1 here.

Building the stairs
Building the stairs.

Molds for the toilet holes and pouring the concrete floor

Molds for the toilet holes and pouring the concrete floor. Four plastic buckets are used to form the mold for where the toilet holes will be located for the 2 chambers. The concrete is poured and allowed to cure.

Lids for unused toilet holes
Lids for unused toilet holes.

Building the toilet house
Building the toilet house out of concrete block.

Finishing off the outside

Finishing touches. The roof and door are added as well as a few accents. The chambers are sealed.

Urine Diverting Toilet and Urinal
Urine Diverting Toilet and Urinal

Unfinished interior with urinal and 2 toilets (1 for adults, 1 for children)

Unfinished interior with urinal and 2 toilets (1 for adults, 1 for children). The simple urinal was constructed from cement with a wooden mold.

Urine collection drum and air vent

Urine collection drum and air vent. Hoses drain urine into the urine collection drum.

Pa jete fatra andedan twalet la!!!
Pa jete fatra andedan twalet la!!! Don’t throw trash in the toilet. Latrine design allows for natural light and ventilation.

Finished Toilet
Toilet finished and painted is ready for use.

Related Posts:
Tech Tuesday: Urine-Diverting (Dry) Toilet [Shada, Haiti] Pt 1
Communities We Are Working With: Shada, Haiti
Ecosan (a.k.a. dry latrines) from around the world

Tech Tuesday: Urine-Diverting (Dry) Toilet [Shada, Haiti] Pt 1 

by Catherine Laine
April 10th, 2008

Shada urine-diverting dry toilet

At the end of March, we and our community partner, SOIL, finished 2 urine-diverting dry toilets (a.k.a. ecosan toilets) in Shada, Cap-Haitien. The latrines are equipped two chambers where waste is converted into fertilizer, a urinal, 2 toilet bowls (one for adults and a shorter one for children) that separates urine and feces, and a pipe that diverts urine to a separate container. For the chambers, one side is used while waste in the other dries and decomposes.

Information on the basic design of urine-diverting toilets can be found in Hesperian Foundation’s Sanitation and Cleanliness for a Healthy Environment [available free at a pdf on their site, 52 pages].

The good:

Urine diverting dry toilets offer a safe and sanitary way to deal with fecal material, can be permanently sited as opposed to pit latrines, and don’t require water. The dry conditions kill most pathogens and parasites, including roundworm eggs. These above ground systems, which provide easy access for emptying, are best in places where people will use treated human waste as fertilizer and/or where the ground water is high/there is risk of flooding. Urine collected in a separate container (e.g. plastic jug, etc.) can be mixed with water and used as fertilizer. The latrines we built together will serve 200 people each.

The bad:

Safe use requires training as they work differently from pit latrines, overhang toilets, etc. Specifically, dry litter (e.g. dirt, ash, grass, leaves, sawdust) must be added after each use to prevent unpleasant odors and accelerate decomposition.

Human waste, which its potential store of cysts, worms, harmful protozoa, etc. takes a year of composting before it is safe for use on crops. While humanure is a great source of soil nutrients, many are not particularly keen on using it (or urine) as fertilizer. There are also cultural prejudices in handling latrine waste that must be dealt with. This leaves the inconvenient problem of what to do with the waste once both chambers are full.

We’re working with SOIL on setting up a municipal compost site. They have identified agro-businesses that are interested in the fertilizer if it proves to be without harmful pathogens after the year-long composting/decomposition period. Surveys of families with latrines have indicated that there is demand for an emptying service. One of the businesses that we intend to create will be involved in the emptying of wet latrines for biogas production and dry latrines for compost.

Check out this very interesting post from Haiti innovation on the current secret practices for latrine emptying in Maissade: Nocturnal Latrine Cleaners (And Other Surreal Sanitation Stories)

The bottom line:

Dry composting latrine are a safe sanitation solution for locations where flooding occurs or where the water table is high. However, in cultures where individuals do not wish to use humanure or urine as fertilizer, alternative solutions for final disposal/use of waste must be sought.

Pictorial How-to (Part 1)

What follows is a rudimentary step by step guide to the construction process. Photos are from the 2 builds.

Materials:

Cement Sand Gravel Concrete Block
PVC Tube PVC Elbow PVC Glue Male Adapters
Rebar Lock Hinges Wood
Toilet Seat Toilet Bowl Spigot 20 Gallon Drum
String Nails Wire/Wire mesh Lamina (Metal & Plastic)
Spray Paint Oil paint Paintbrushes Vinegar

The Foundation

Shada toilet: Outlining the base of the toilet
Outlining the base of the toilet.

Shada: Prepping the site
Prepping the site. The trench for the foundation is dug.

Shada Foundation
Foundation is built in a footing of poured concrete. Because Shada is prone to flooding and has a high water table, the foundation will ensure that feces will not leak into the groundwater.

Form is filled with gravel and sand...
The form is filled with a layer of sand, then gravel …

Wire Reinforcement
… then reinforced with wire mesh…

Concrete Pour
… after which a layer of concrete in poured, smoothed and allowed to cure.

The two chambers

Toilet Base

Building the chambers
Once the foundation has dried enough, the two chambers of the latrine can be built. Spaces between the two chambers are left for the vent pipe and pipes for urine diversion from the urinal and toilets.

Constructing the floor slab


Wood is used to construct the formwork that covers the chambers. Bamboo stalks are used to support the wood underneath.


Wire mesh and rebar are placed to reinforce the floor. Note spaces are left to accommodate where the toilet holes will be.

To be continued…

More info on ecological toilets:
Sanitation and Cleanliness for a Healthy Environment
Composting Toilet Construction Manual [Different design done in Vanuatu]
The Humanure Handbook

Related Posts:
Urine-Diverting (Dry) Toilet [Shada, Haiti] Pt 2
Ecosan (a.k.a. dry latrines) from around the world
Communities We Are Working With: Shada, Haiti

Link of the Day 021408: I’m in your house, stealing your vatts 

by Catherine Laine
February 14th, 2008
Vampire Energy
Vampire Energy: I’m in your house, stealing your vatts [View larger image]

Even when household appliances are turned off, most are still using some electricity. Appliances are either in passive standby mode (the clock on the microwave is still ticking) or active standby mode (the VCR is off, but programmed to record something).

Hmm, plasma TVs are shocking energy hogs. Yet another reason they’re losing out to LCDs.

FYI: This odd title comes from the “I am in your base killing your d00ds” meme.

Casual Photo Friday: A little taste of our life in Haiti Pt 1 

by Catherine Laine
February 8th, 2008

I’ve been promising to post photos/videos from the road but have been seriously derelict. However, because it’s Friday and my brain is rather fried, a work update will have to wait for the weekend or Monday. Instead here are a few non-work pics to get a sense what off-hours are like here in Cap.

Pete
Pete

Cat and MINUSTAH Soldier
Me (yeah yeah yeah this is really touristy, but in 20 years time, I figured I’d want this picture.)

Sarah Brownell
Sarah Brownell of SOIL, who worked with us as Haiti program manager for a few months, is one of the reasons we got moving on the ground so quickly in Haiti.

Sasha Kramer

Two cheeky children, Pete and Sasha Kramer of SOIL, one of the most skillful networkers I’ve ever met aside form Sweet Joy Hachuela.

Filling our Water Tank
Our water tank needs to be filled once every 2 weeks or so. Last time, it had to be filled by bucket! This time, the water truck came by for a delivery.

A view from the back of the house
The school/church (not sure) behind our house. We often hear the kids singing and/or doing lessons in the morning.

Rooftop woodworking space
Our rooftop woodworking space. I love the colored lamina. In the pic, Sunny, Pete, Isnido, Elizabeth, and Roudelin.

Main square in Cap Haitien
The Main Square a few blocks away from the office/home

Hostellerie Roi Christophe

Hostellerie Roi Christophe
Hostellerie Roi Christophe, Ritzy hotel down the street where we can have a swim and electricity/satellite internet when the electricity is down.

Soil's rooftop garden
Part of SOIL’s lovely rooftop garden, fed with homegrown compost. These enviro-heroes have built a fab urine-diverting composting toilet for themselves on the 2nd floor.

International Undersea cables [Image] 

by Catherine Laine
February 4th, 2008
Map of International Undersea Cables

The vast bulk of international telephone and Internet traffic travels through underwater cables. This map shows the cables that were in use as of the end of 2004 and gives an indication of where traffic is heaviest.

From CNET

Updated Maps from Telegeography

Related News:
Submarine cable cut torpedoes Middle East access from the Register

A submarine cable in the Mediterranean was cut earlier today, resulting in a dramatic slowdown in internet access for people in India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and much of the Middle East.

A spokesman for Flag Telecom, the owner of the severed cable, told the Reg: “It is a problem off the coast of Alexandria in Egypt. For some reason ships were asked to anchor in a different place to normal - 8.3km from the beach. One of the ship’s anchors cut our cable but there are multiple cuts - we’re not the only company having problems.”
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.
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Apart from being serious for the region, the cable break could also hit large UK and US enterprises which have offshored business processes and backoffice functions to companies in India, Pakistan or the Middle East.



 
 
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